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Turtle graphics is a popular way for introducing programming to
kids. It was part of the original Logo programming language developed
by Wally Feurzig and Seymour Papert in 1966.
Imagine a robotic turtle starting at (0, 0) in the x-y plane. After an ``import turtle``, give it
the command turtle.forward(15), and it moves (on-screen!) 15 pixels in
the direction it is facing, drawing a line as it moves. Give it the
command turtle.right(25), and it rotates in-place 25 degrees clockwise.
By combining together these and similar commands, intricate shapes and
pictures can easily be drawn.
----- turtle.py
This module is an extended reimplementation of turtle.py from the
Python standard distribution up to Python 2.5. (See: http://www.python.org)
It tries to keep the merits of turtle.py and to be (nearly) 100%
compatible with it. This means in the first place to enable the
learning programmer to use all the commands, classes and methods
interactively when using the module from within IDLE run with
the -n switch.
Roughly it has the following features added:
- Better animation of the turtle movements, especially of turning the
turtle. So the turtles can more easily be used as a visual feedback
instrument by the (beginning) programmer.
- Different turtle shapes, gif-images as turtle shapes, user defined
and user controllable turtle shapes, among them compound
(multicolored) shapes. Turtle shapes can be stretched and tilted, which
makes turtles very versatile geometrical objects.
- Fine control over turtle movement and screen updates via delay(),
and enhanced tracer() and speed() methods.
- Aliases for the most commonly used commands, like fd for forward etc.,
following the early Logo traditions. This reduces the boring work of
typing long sequences of commands, which often occur in a natural way
when kids try to program fancy pictures on their first encounter with
turtle graphics.
- Turtles now have an undo()-method with configurable undo-buffer.
- Some simple commands/methods for creating event driven programs
(mouse-, key-, timer-events). Especially useful for programming games.
- A scrollable Canvas class. The default scrollable Canvas can be
extended interactively as needed while playing around with the turtle(s).
- A TurtleScreen class with methods controlling background color or
background image, window and canvas size and other properties of the
TurtleScreen.
- There is a method, setworldcoordinates(), to install a user defined
coordinate-system for the TurtleScreen.
- The implementation uses a 2-vector class named Vec2D, derived from tuple.
This class is public, so it can be imported by the application programmer,
which makes certain types of computations very natural and compact.
- Appearance of the TurtleScreen and the Turtles at startup/import can be
configured by means of a turtle.cfg configuration file.
The default configuration mimics the appearance of the old turtle module.
- If configured appropriately the module reads in docstrings from a docstring
dictionary in some different language, supplied separately and replaces
the English ones by those read in. There is a utility function
write_docstringdict() to write a dictionary with the original (English)
docstrings to disc, so it can serve as a template for translations.
Behind the scenes there are some features included with possible
extensions in mind. These will be commented and documented elsewhere.
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[(0.0, 9.9999999999999982), (0.0, -9.9999999999999982),
(9.9999999999999982, 0.0)]
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N(R�RMRR�R�R�RX(R�R�R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyt_resize s' cCs`|jj�}|dkr+|jd}n|jj�}|dkrV|jd}n||fS(s; Return the width and height of the turtle window.
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attribute _type is one of "polygon", "image", "compound"
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fill is the fillcolor of the component,
outline is the outline color of the component.
call (for a Shapeobject namend s):
-- s.addcomponent(((0,0), (10,10), (-10,10)), "red", "blue")
Example:
>>> poly = ((0,0),(10,-5),(0,10),(-10,-5))
>>> s = Shape("compound")
>>> s.addcomponent(poly, "red", "blue")
>>> # .. add more components and then use register_shape()
R�s Cannot add component to %s ShapeN(R�R�R�R�RU(R�tpolyR:RR((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyt addcomponentPs N(R�R�R�R�RR�(((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR 9s tTbuffercBsJeZdZdd�Zdd�Zd�Zd�Zd�Zd�Z RS( s5Ring buffer used as undobuffer for RawTurtle objects.i
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sqDelete all drawings and all turtles from the TurtleScreen.
Reset empty TurtleScreen to its initial state: white background,
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No argument.
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>>> screen.clear()
Note: this method is not available as function.
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cCs�|dkr|jS|j�}|dkr>td|��n||_|d kr�|j|j d|j d|jd|jd�d|_|_n|j �dS(
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Optional argument:
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Mode 'standard' is compatible with turtle.py.
Mode 'logo' is compatible with most Logo-Turtle-Graphics.
Mode 'world' uses userdefined 'worldcoordinates'. *Attention*: in
this mode angles appear distorted if x/y unit-ratio doesn't equal 1.
If mode is not given, return the current mode.
Mode Initial turtle heading positive angles
------------|-------------------------|-------------------
'standard' to the right (east) counterclockwise
'logo' upward (north) clockwise
Examples:
>>> mode('logo') # resets turtle heading to north
>>> mode()
'logo'
R�tlogotworldsNo turtle-graphics-mode %sig�R�R�R�(R�R�(
R�R�R�R�R�R�R�RNRORX(R�R((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR�s cCs|j�dkr"|jd�nt||�}t||�}|j�\}}|j|d|d�|j|j} }
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�|j
�dS(ssSet up a user defined coordinate-system.
Arguments:
llx -- a number, x-coordinate of lower left corner of canvas
lly -- a number, y-coordinate of lower left corner of canvas
urx -- a number, x-coordinate of upper right corner of canvas
ury -- a number, y-coordinate of upper right corner of canvas
Set up user coodinat-system and switch to mode 'world' if necessary.
This performs a screen.reset. If mode 'world' is already active,
all drawings are redrawn according to the new coordinates.
But ATTENTION: in user-defined coordinatesystems angles may appear
distorted. (see Screen.mode())
Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen):
>>> screen.setworldcoordinates(-10,-0.5,50,1.5)
>>> for _ in range(36):
... left(10)
... forward(0.5)
R�iN( RR�R�R RNROR�R�R�R�R%(R�tllxtllyturxturytxspantyspantwxtwyt oldxscalet oldyscaleR�R�R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR!�s
cCs�|dkrO|j�jd�r<td|j|��}qptdd��n!t|t�rptd|�}n||j|<dS(s�Adds a turtle shape to TurtleScreen's shapelist.
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Installs the corresponding image shape.
!! Image-shapes DO NOT rotate when turning the turtle,
!! so they do not display the heading of the turtle!
(2) name is an arbitrary string and shape is a tuple
of pairs of coordinates. Installs the corresponding
polygon shape
(3) name is an arbitrary string and shape is a
(compound) Shape object. Installs the corresponding
compound shape.
To use a shape, you have to issue the command shape(shapename).
call: register_shape("turtle.gif")
--or: register_shape("tri", ((0,0), (10,10), (-10,10)))
Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen):
>>> screen.register_shape("triangle", ((5,-3),(0,5),(-5,-3)))
s.gifR�s"Bad arguments for register_shape.
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Argument may be a string or a tuple of three
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If the argument doesn't represent a color,
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iiR�sbad color string: %ssbad color arguments: %sg��i�sbad color sequence: %ss
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^q��S( NR�iiiiiiisbad colorstring: %si�(iii(R�R�R�R�R�R�(R�tcstrR�R\RQR�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyt_color\s01cCsS|dkr|jS|dkr1t|�|_n |dkrOt|�|_ndS(sqReturn the colormode or set it to 1.0 or 255.
Optional argument:
cmode -- one of the values 1.0 or 255
r, g, b values of colortriples have to be in range 0..cmode.
Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen):
>>> screen.colormode()
1.0
>>> screen.colormode(255)
>>> pencolor(240,160,80)
g�N(R�R�R�R�(R�tcmode((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRgs cCs2x+|jD] }|j|j�|j�q
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No argument.
Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen):
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N(R�t_setmodeR�RX(R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRX|scCs|jS(s�Return the list of turtles on the screen.
Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen):
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[<turtle.Turtle object at 0x00E11FB0>]
(R�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR$�scGsO|r|j|�}nd}|j|�}|dk rK|j|�}n|S(s�Set or return backgroundcolor of the TurtleScreen.
Arguments (if given): a color string or three numbers
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Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen):
>>> screen.bgcolor("orange")
>>> screen.bgcolor()
'orange'
>>> screen.bgcolor(0.5,0,0.5)
>>> screen.bgcolor()
'#800080'
N(R�R�RoR�(R�R.R2((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR�s cCsc|dkr|jSt|�|_d|_|dk rIt|�|_n|jr_|j�ndS(seTurns turtle animation on/off and set delay for update drawings.
Optional arguments:
n -- nonnegative integer
delay -- nonnegative integer
If n is given, only each n-th regular screen update is really performed.
(Can be used to accelerate the drawing of complex graphics.)
Second arguments sets delay value (see RawTurtle.delay())
Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen):
>>> screen.tracer(8, 25)
>>> dist = 2
>>> for i in range(200):
... fd(dist)
... rt(90)
... dist += 2
iN(R�R�R�R�R�R%(R�tnR((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR#�s cCs&|dkr|jSt|�|_dS(s� Return or set the drawing delay in milliseconds.
Optional argument:
delay -- positive integer
Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen):
>>> screen.delay(15)
>>> screen.delay()
15
N(R�R�R�(R�R((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR�s cCsRtjstt_t�n|jdkrN|jd7_|j|j;_ndS(sIncrement upadate counter.iiN(Rt_RUNNINGR�t _RUNNNINGR�R�R�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyt
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N(R�R�R$t _update_datat _drawturtleRg(R�ttracingR�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR%�s
cCs|j�dS(s� Return the width of the turtle window.
Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen):
>>> screen.window_width()
640
i(R�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR'�scCs|j�dS(s� Return the height of the turtle window.
Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen):
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480
i(R�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR&�scCs|jS(s�Return the Canvas of this TurtleScreen.
No argument.
Example (for a Screen instance named screen):
>>> cv = screen.getcanvas()
>>> cv
<turtle.ScrolledCanvas instance at 0x010742D8>
(RM(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR�s
cCst|jj��S(s�Return a list of names of all currently available turtle shapes.
No argument.
Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen):
>>> screen.getshapes()
['arrow', 'blank', 'circle', ... , 'turtle']
(tsortedR�R�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRs icCs|j|||�dS(sBind fun to mouse-click event on canvas.
Arguments:
fun -- a function with two arguments, the coordinates of the
clicked point on the canvas.
num -- the number of the mouse-button, defaults to 1
Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen
and a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> screen.onclick(goto)
>>> # Subsequently clicking into the TurtleScreen will
>>> # make the turtle move to the clicked point.
>>> screen.onclick(None)
N(R�(R�R�R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRJscCsg|dkr1||jkrS|jj|�qSn"||jkrS|jj|�n|j||�dS(smBind fun to key-release event of key.
Arguments:
fun -- a function with no arguments
key -- a string: key (e.g. "a") or key-symbol (e.g. "space")
In order to be able to register key-events, TurtleScreen
must have focus. (See method listen.)
Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen):
>>> def f():
... fd(50)
... lt(60)
...
>>> screen.onkey(f, "Up")
>>> screen.listen()
Subsequently the turtle can be moved by repeatedly pressing
the up-arrow key, consequently drawing a hexagon
N(R�R�tremoveRUR�(R�R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR"s cCs|j�dS(sSet focus on TurtleScreen (in order to collect key-events)
No arguments.
Dummy arguments are provided in order
to be able to pass listen to the onclick method.
Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen):
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N(R�(R�txdummytydummy((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR@s
icCs|j||�dS(s�Install a timer, which calls fun after t milliseconds.
Arguments:
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t -- a number >= 0
Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen):
>>> running = True
>>> def f():
... if running:
... fd(50)
... lt(60)
... screen.ontimer(f, 250)
...
>>> f() # makes the turtle marching around
>>> running = False
N(R�(R�R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR LscCsb|dkr|jS||jkr;|j|�|j|<n|j|j|j|�||_dS(sFSet background image or return name of current backgroundimage.
Optional argument:
picname -- a string, name of a gif-file or "nopic".
If picname is a filename, set the corresponding image as background.
If picname is "nopic", delete backgroundimage, if present.
If picname is None, return the filename of the current backgroundimage.
Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen):
>>> screen.bgpic()
'nopic'
>>> screen.bgpic("landscape.gif")
>>> screen.bgpic()
'landscape.gif'
N(R�R�R�RLR�R�(R�tpicname((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRas cCs|j|||�S(s�Resize the canvas the turtles are drawing on.
Optional arguments:
canvwidth -- positive integer, new width of canvas in pixels
canvheight -- positive integer, new height of canvas in pixels
bg -- colorstring or color-tuple, new backgroundcolor
If no arguments are given, return current (canvaswidth, canvasheight)
Do not alter the drawing window. To observe hidden parts of
the canvas use the scrollbars. (Can make visible those parts
of a drawing, which were outside the canvas before!)
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.screensize(2000,1500)
>>> # e. g. to search for an erroneously escaped turtle ;-)
(R�(R�R�R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR ysN($R�R�R�R�R�R�RR.R�RR!R R�R�RRXR$RR#RR�R%R'R&RRRJRRR RR RR RR(((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR�s@ " ' $ t
TNavigatorcBs�eZdZiedd�d6edd�d6edd�d6ZdZdZdZed�Zd �Z d%d
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d�Zd�Zd�Zd�Zd�Zd�Zd�Zd�Zd�Zd�Zd�Zd%d�Zd�Zd�Zd �Z d%d �Z d%d �Z d �Z d �Z d%d%d!�Z!dd"�Z"d%d%d#�Z#d%d$�Z$eZ%eZ&eZ'eZ(eZ)eZ*eZ+eZ,e Z-RS(&sRNavigation part of the RawTurtle.
Implements methods for turtle movement.
g�R�R�R�iicCs[|j|_|j|_||_d|_|j�d|_|j|�t j
|�dS(N( tDEFAULT_ANGLEOFFSETt _angleOffsettDEFAULT_ANGLEORIENTt _angleOrientR�R�t
undobufferR3R�R�RX(R�R((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR�s
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Will be overwritten by parent class
gN(R
t _positionR�tSTART_ORIENTATIONR�t_orient(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRX�scCsj|dkr|jS|d kr#dS||_|d
krMd|_d|_n|jd|_d|_dS( s:Set turtle-mode to 'standard', 'world' or 'logo'.
R�R�R�Niig@i�(sstandardslogosworld(sstandardsworld(R�R�R�R�t _fullcircle(R�R((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR��s cCsB||_d||_|jdkr1d|_n
|d|_dS(s+Helper function for degrees() and radians()ihR�ig@N(R�t
_degreesPerAUR�R�(R�t
fullcircle((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyt_setDegreesPerAU�s
g�@cCs|j|�dS(s> Set angle measurement units to degrees.
Optional argument:
fullcircle - a number
Set angle measurement units, i. e. set number
of 'degrees' for a full circle. Dafault value is
360 degrees.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.left(90)
>>> turtle.heading()
90
Change angle measurement unit to grad (also known as gon,
grade, or gradian and equals 1/100-th of the right angle.)
>>> turtle.degrees(400.0)
>>> turtle.heading()
100
N(R(R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR3�scCs|jdtj�dS(s Set the angle measurement units to radians.
No arguments.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.heading()
90
>>> turtle.radians()
>>> turtle.heading()
1.5707963267948966
iN(RR�R�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRV�s cCs%|j|j|}|j|�dS(s)move turtle forward by specified distanceN(R�R�t_goto(R�R4tende((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyt_go�scCs&||j9}|jj|�|_dS(s=Turn turtle counterclockwise by specified angle if angle > 0.N(R�R�R�(R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyt_rotate�s
cCs
||_dS(s move turtle to position end.N(R�(R�tend((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR�scCs|j|�dS(sMove the turtle forward by the specified distance.
Aliases: forward | fd
Argument:
distance -- a number (integer or float)
Move the turtle forward by the specified distance, in the direction
the turtle is headed.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.position()
(0.00, 0.00)
>>> turtle.forward(25)
>>> turtle.position()
(25.00,0.00)
>>> turtle.forward(-75)
>>> turtle.position()
(-50.00,0.00)
N(R(R�R4((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR<�scCs|j| �dS(s�Move the turtle backward by distance.
Aliases: back | backward | bk
Argument:
distance -- a number
Move the turtle backward by distance ,opposite to the direction the
turtle is headed. Do not change the turtle's heading.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.position()
(0.00, 0.00)
>>> turtle.backward(30)
>>> turtle.position()
(-30.00, 0.00)
N(R(R�R4((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR(scCs|j| �dS(s�Turn turtle right by angle units.
Aliases: right | rt
Argument:
angle -- a number (integer or float)
Turn turtle right by angle units. (Units are by default degrees,
but can be set via the degrees() and radians() functions.)
Angle orientation depends on mode. (See this.)
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.heading()
22.0
>>> turtle.right(45)
>>> turtle.heading()
337.0
N(R(R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRW&scCs|j|�dS(s�Turn turtle left by angle units.
Aliases: left | lt
Argument:
angle -- a number (integer or float)
Turn turtle left by angle units. (Units are by default degrees,
but can be set via the degrees() and radians() functions.)
Angle orientation depends on mode. (See this.)
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.heading()
22.0
>>> turtle.left(45)
>>> turtle.heading()
67.0
N(R(R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRH;scCs|jS(s�Return the turtle's current location (x,y), as a Vec2D-vector.
Aliases: pos | position
No arguments.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.pos()
(0.00, 240.00)
(R�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRSPs cCs |jdS(s� Return the turtle's x coordinate.
No arguments.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> reset()
>>> turtle.left(60)
>>> turtle.forward(100)
>>> print turtle.xcor()
50.0
i(R�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRr]s cCs |jdS(s Return the turtle's y coordinate
---
No arguments.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> reset()
>>> turtle.left(60)
>>> turtle.forward(100)
>>> print turtle.ycor()
86.6025403784
i(R�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRsks cCs<|dkr"|jt|��n|jt||��dS(stMove turtle to an absolute position.
Aliases: setpos | setposition | goto:
Arguments:
x -- a number or a pair/vector of numbers
y -- a number None
call: goto(x, y) # two coordinates
--or: goto((x, y)) # a pair (tuple) of coordinates
--or: goto(vec) # e.g. as returned by pos()
Move turtle to an absolute position. If the pen is down,
a line will be drawn. The turtle's orientation does not change.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> tp = turtle.pos()
>>> tp
(0.00, 0.00)
>>> turtle.setpos(60,30)
>>> turtle.pos()
(60.00,30.00)
>>> turtle.setpos((20,80))
>>> turtle.pos()
(20.00,80.00)
>>> turtle.setpos(tp)
>>> turtle.pos()
(0.00,0.00)
N(R�RR
(R�R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRAzs cCs!|jdd�|jd�dS(s$Move turtle to the origin - coordinates (0,0).
No arguments.
Move turtle to the origin - coordinates (0,0) and set its
heading to its start-orientation (which depends on mode).
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.home()
iN(RAR\(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRD�s cCs!|jt||jd��dS(s�Set the turtle's first coordinate to x
Argument:
x -- a number (integer or float)
Set the turtle's first coordinate to x, leave second coordinate
unchanged.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.position()
(0.00, 240.00)
>>> turtle.setx(10)
>>> turtle.position()
(10.00, 240.00)
iN(RR
R�(R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRa�scCs!|jt|jd|��dS(s�Set the turtle's second coordinate to y
Argument:
y -- a number (integer or float)
Set the turtle's first coordinate to x, second coordinate remains
unchanged.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.position()
(0.00, 40.00)
>>> turtle.sety(-10)
>>> turtle.position()
(0.00, -10.00)
iN(RR
R�(R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRb�scCs�|dk r t||�}nt|t�r6|}n9t|t�rTt|�}nt|t�ro|j}nt||j�S(s�Return the distance from the turtle to (x,y) in turtle step units.
Arguments:
x -- a number or a pair/vector of numbers or a turtle instance
y -- a number None None
call: distance(x, y) # two coordinates
--or: distance((x, y)) # a pair (tuple) of coordinates
--or: distance(vec) # e.g. as returned by pos()
--or: distance(mypen) # where mypen is another turtle
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.pos()
(0.00, 0.00)
>>> turtle.distance(30,40)
50.0
>>> pen = Turtle()
>>> pen.forward(77)
>>> turtle.distance(pen)
77.0
N(R�R
R�R�R�R�tabs(R�R�R�RS((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR4�s cCs�|dk r t||�}nt|t�r6|}n9t|t�rTt|�}nt|t�ro|j}n||j\}}ttj||�dtj d�d}||j
:}|j |j ||j
S(sCReturn the angle of the line from the turtle's position to (x, y).
Arguments:
x -- a number or a pair/vector of numbers or a turtle instance
y -- a number None None
call: distance(x, y) # two coordinates
--or: distance((x, y)) # a pair (tuple) of coordinates
--or: distance(vec) # e.g. as returned by pos()
--or: distance(mypen) # where mypen is another turtle
Return the angle, between the line from turtle-position to position
specified by x, y and the turtle's start orientation. (Depends on
modes - "standard" or "logo")
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.pos()
(10.00, 10.00)
>>> turtle.towards(0,0)
225.0
g�@i
g�@N(R�R
R�R�R�R�R�R�RzR�R�R�R�R�(R�R�R�RStresult((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRk�s *
cCs_|j\}}ttj||�dtjd�d}||j:}|j|j||jS(s� Return the turtle's current heading.
No arguments.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.left(67)
>>> turtle.heading()
67.0
g�@i
g�@( R�R�R�RzR�R�R�R�R�(R�R�R�R((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRBs
*
cCsK||j�|j}|j}||d||d}|j|�dS(s�Set the orientation of the turtle to to_angle.
Aliases: setheading | seth
Argument:
to_angle -- a number (integer or float)
Set the orientation of the turtle to to_angle.
Here are some common directions in degrees:
standard - mode: logo-mode:
-------------------|--------------------
0 - east 0 - north
90 - north 90 - east
180 - west 180 - south
270 - south 270 - west
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.setheading(90)
>>> turtle.heading()
90
g@N(RBR�R�R(R�tto_angleR�tfull((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR\!s c Cs�|jr+|jjdg�t|j_n|j�}|d krO|j}n|d kr�t|�|j}dtt dt|�dd�|�}nd||}d|}d|t
j |t
j d |j
�}|d
kr| | | }}}n|j�} |j�}
|d
kr:|jd
d
�n
|jd
�|j|�xHt|�D]:} |j|�|j|�|jd
�|j|�qaW|j| �|d
kr�|j| |
�n|j|�|jr�|j_nd S( s� Draw a circle with given radius.
Arguments:
radius -- a number
extent (optional) -- a number
steps (optional) -- an integer
Draw a circle with given radius. The center is radius units left
of the turtle; extent - an angle - determines which part of the
circle is drawn. If extent is not given, draw the entire circle.
If extent is not a full circle, one endpoint of the arc is the
current pen position. Draw the arc in counterclockwise direction
if radius is positive, otherwise in clockwise direction. Finally
the direction of the turtle is changed by the amount of extent.
As the circle is approximated by an inscribed regular polygon,
steps determines the number of steps to use. If not given,
it will be calculated automatically. Maybe used to draw regular
polygons.
call: circle(radius) # full circle
--or: circle(radius, extent) # arc
--or: circle(radius, extent, steps)
--or: circle(radius, steps=6) # 6-sided polygon
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.circle(50)
>>> turtle.circle(120, 180) # semicircle
tseqii g@g�@g��@g�@iN(R�R�R�R�RfR�R�RR�tminR�R�R�R�R#RiRR�RR�( R�tradiustextenttstepsRftfracRPtw2tlttrtdlR�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR-=s> .
)
cCsdS(s/dummy method - to be overwritten by child classN((R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRf~scCsdS(s/dummy method - to be overwritten by child classN((R�taR�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR#�scCsdS(s/dummy method - to be overwritten by child classN((R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRi�sN(.R�R�R�R
R�t DEFAULT_MODER�R�RRXR�R�RR3RVRRRR<R(RWRHRSRrRsRARDRaRbR4RkRBR\R-RfR#RiR9R,R)RZRIRTR]R^R[(((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR��sZ
# # A tTPencBs
eZdZedd�Zededd�Zdd�Zdd�Zd�Z d �Z
d
�Z dd �Z d �Z
d
�Zd�Zd�Zd�Zd�Zdd�Zed�Zeed�Zd�Zd�ZeZe Ze Z e
Z e
Z eZ eZ RS(sFDrawing part of the RawTurtle.
Implements drawing properties.
RYcCs#||_d|_tj|�dS(N(t _resizemodeR�R�Rt_reset(R�RY((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR�s ROR;cCsUd|_t|_||_||_t|_d|_d|_d|_d|_ dS(Niii(ii(
t_pensizeR�t_shownt _pencolort
_fillcolort_drawingt_speedt_stretchfactort_tiltt
_outlinewidth(R�ROR;((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR�s cCsB|dkr|jS|j�}|dkr>|jd|�ndS(szSet resizemode to one of the values: "auto", "user", "noresize".
(Optional) Argument:
rmode -- one of the strings "auto", "user", "noresize"
Different resizemodes have the following effects:
- "auto" adapts the appearance of the turtle
corresponding to the value of pensize.
- "user" adapts the appearance of the turtle according to the
values of stretchfactor and outlinewidth (outline),
which are set by shapesize()
- "noresize" no adaption of the turtle's appearance takes place.
If no argument is given, return current resizemode.
resizemode("user") is called by a call of shapesize with arguments.
Examples (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.resizemode("noresize")
>>> turtle.resizemode()
'noresize'
tautotuserR�RYN(R"R#R�(R�RR�RN(R�trmode((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRY�s
cCs'|dkr|jS|jd|�dS(s!Set or return the line thickness.
Aliases: pensize | width
Argument:
width -- positive number
Set the line thickness to width or return it. If resizemode is set
to "auto" and turtleshape is a polygon, that polygon is drawn with
the same line thickness. If no argument is given, current pensize
is returned.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.pensize()
1
>>> turtle.pensize(10) # from here on lines of width 10 are drawn
RQN(R�RRN(R�Rp((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRQ�s cCs!|js
dS|jdt�dS(s�Pull the pen up -- no drawing when moving.
Aliases: penup | pu | up
No argument
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.penup()
NRP(R RNR�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRR�s
cCs!|jr
dS|jdt�dS(s�Pull the pen down -- drawing when moving.
Aliases: pendown | pd | down
No argument.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.pendown()
NRP(R RNR�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRP�s
cCs|jS(sReturn True if pen is down, False if it's up.
No argument.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.penup()
>>> turtle.isdown()
False
>>> turtle.pendown()
>>> turtle.isdown()
True
(R (R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRF�s
cCs�idd6dd6dd6dd6d d
6}|dkr<|jS||krU||}n7d |kold knr�tt|��}nd}|jd
|�dS(s� Return or set the turtle's speed.
Optional argument:
speed -- an integer in the range 0..10 or a speedstring (see below)
Set the turtle's speed to an integer value in the range 0 .. 10.
If no argument is given: return current speed.
If input is a number greater than 10 or smaller than 0.5,
speed is set to 0.
Speedstrings are mapped to speedvalues in the following way:
'fastest' : 0
'fast' : 10
'normal' : 6
'slow' : 3
'slowest' : 1
speeds from 1 to 10 enforce increasingly faster animation of
line drawing and turtle turning.
Attention:
speed = 0 : *no* animation takes place. forward/back makes turtle jump
and likewise left/right make the turtle turn instantly.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.speed(3)
itfastesti
tfastitnormalitslowitslowestg�%@RfN(R�R R�R�RN(R�Rftspeeds((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRfs)
cGs�|r�t|�}|dkr/|d}}n4|dkrJ|\}}n|dkrc|}}n|j|�}|j|�}|jd|d|�n"|j|j�|j|j�fSdS(s�Return or set the pencolor and fillcolor.
Arguments:
Several input formats are allowed.
They use 0, 1, 2, or 3 arguments as follows:
color()
Return the current pencolor and the current fillcolor
as a pair of color specification strings as are returned
by pencolor and fillcolor.
color(colorstring), color((r,g,b)), color(r,g,b)
inputs as in pencolor, set both, fillcolor and pencolor,
to the given value.
color(colorstring1, colorstring2),
color((r1,g1,b1), (r2,g2,b2))
equivalent to pencolor(colorstring1) and fillcolor(colorstring2)
and analogously, if the other input format is used.
If turtleshape is a polygon, outline and interior of that polygon
is drawn with the newly set colors.
For mor info see: pencolor, fillcolor
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.color('red', 'green')
>>> turtle.color()
('red', 'green')
>>> colormode(255)
>>> color((40, 80, 120), (160, 200, 240))
>>> color()
('#285078', '#a0c8f0')
iiiiROR;N(R�R�RNR�RR (R�R.Rtpcolortfcolor((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR2*s
cGsO|r;|j|�}||jkr(dS|jd|�n|j|j�SdS(sZ Return or set the pencolor.
Arguments:
Four input formats are allowed:
- pencolor()
Return the current pencolor as color specification string,
possibly in hex-number format (see example).
May be used as input to another color/pencolor/fillcolor call.
- pencolor(colorstring)
s is a Tk color specification string, such as "red" or "yellow"
- pencolor((r, g, b))
*a tuple* of r, g, and b, which represent, an RGB color,
and each of r, g, and b are in the range 0..colormode,
where colormode is either 1.0 or 255
- pencolor(r, g, b)
r, g, and b represent an RGB color, and each of r, g, and b
are in the range 0..colormode
If turtleshape is a polygon, the outline of that polygon is drawn
with the newly set pencolor.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.pencolor('brown')
>>> tup = (0.2, 0.8, 0.55)
>>> turtle.pencolor(tup)
>>> turtle.pencolor()
'#33cc8c'
NRO(R�RRNR�(R�R.R2((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyROXs cGsO|r;|j|�}||jkr(dS|jd|�n|j|j�SdS(s] Return or set the fillcolor.
Arguments:
Four input formats are allowed:
- fillcolor()
Return the current fillcolor as color specification string,
possibly in hex-number format (see example).
May be used as input to another color/pencolor/fillcolor call.
- fillcolor(colorstring)
s is a Tk color specification string, such as "red" or "yellow"
- fillcolor((r, g, b))
*a tuple* of r, g, and b, which represent, an RGB color,
and each of r, g, and b are in the range 0..colormode,
where colormode is either 1.0 or 255
- fillcolor(r, g, b)
r, g, and b represent an RGB color, and each of r, g, and b
are in the range 0..colormode
If turtleshape is a polygon, the interior of that polygon is drawn
with the newly set fillcolor.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.fillcolor('violet')
>>> col = turtle.pencolor()
>>> turtle.fillcolor(col)
>>> turtle.fillcolor(0, .5, 0)
NR;(R�R RNR�(R�R.R2((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR;}s cCs|jdt�dS(s�Makes the turtle visible.
Aliases: showturtle | st
No argument.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.hideturtle()
>>> turtle.showturtle()
tshownN(RNR�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRe�s cCs|jdt�dS(sYMakes the turtle invisible.
Aliases: hideturtle | ht
No argument.
It's a good idea to do this while you're in the
middle of a complicated drawing, because hiding
the turtle speeds up the drawing observably.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.hideturtle()
R-N(RNR�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRC�scCs|jS(s�Return True if the Turtle is shown, False if it's hidden.
No argument.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.hideturtle()
>>> print turtle.isvisible():
False
(R(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRG�s
c Ks6i
|jd6|jd6|jd6|jd6|jd6|jd6|jd6|jd6|jd 6|j d
6}|ps|sz|St
|t �r�|}ni}|j |�i}x |D]}||||<q�W|j
r�j
jd |f�nt}d|kr |j|dkr t}q nd|krxt
|dt�rY|j|df�|d<n|j|dkrxt}qxnd|kr�|j|dkr�t}q�n|r�|j�nd|kr�|d|_nd|kr�d|_nd|kr
|d|_nd|krVt
|dt�rF|j|df�|d<n|d|_nd|krr|d|_nd|kr�|d|_nd|kr�|d}t
|ttf�r�||f}n||_nd |kr�d |_nd|kr |d|_nd
|kr(|d
|_ n|j�d S(
s�Return or set the pen's attributes.
Arguments:
pen -- a dictionary with some or all of the below listed keys.
**pendict -- one or more keyword-arguments with the below
listed keys as keywords.
Return or set the pen's attributes in a 'pen-dictionary'
with the following key/value pairs:
"shown" : True/False
"pendown" : True/False
"pencolor" : color-string or color-tuple
"fillcolor" : color-string or color-tuple
"pensize" : positive number
"speed" : number in range 0..10
"resizemode" : "auto" or "user" or "noresize"
"stretchfactor": (positive number, positive number)
"outline" : positive number
"tilt" : number
This dictionary can be used as argument for a subsequent
pen()-call to restore the former pen-state. Moreover one
or more of these attributes can be provided as keyword-arguments.
This can be used to set several pen attributes in one statement.
Examples (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.pen(fillcolor="black", pencolor="red", pensize=10)
>>> turtle.pen()
{'pensize': 10, 'shown': True, 'resizemode': 'auto', 'outline': 1,
'pencolor': 'red', 'pendown': True, 'fillcolor': 'black',
'stretchfactor': (1,1), 'speed': 3}
>>> penstate=turtle.pen()
>>> turtle.color("yellow","")
>>> turtle.penup()
>>> turtle.pen()
{'pensize': 10, 'shown': True, 'resizemode': 'auto', 'outline': 1,
'pencolor': 'yellow', 'pendown': False, 'fillcolor': '',
'stretchfactor': (1,1), 'speed': 3}
>>> p.pen(penstate, fillcolor="green")
>>> p.pen()
{'pensize': 10, 'shown': True, 'resizemode': 'auto', 'outline': 1,
'pencolor': 'red', 'pendown': True, 'fillcolor': 'green',
'stretchfactor': (1,1), 'speed': 3}
R-RPROR;RQRfRYt
stretchfactorRRRiRNN(RR RR RR RR R!R R�tdictR%R�R�R�R�R�R�t_newLineR�R�Rg( R�RNtpendictt_pdtpt_p_bufR�tnewLinetsf((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRN�sz.
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cCs#||_d|_|j|�dS(N(R�R�R�t _setshape(R�R�t
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Puts RawTurtle upon a TurtleScreen and provides tools for
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RcR�R�cCs�t|t�r||_n�t|t�rX|tjkrLtjj|�n||_nzt|ttf�r�xbtjD]"}|j |krw||_PqwqwWt|�|_tjj|j�nt
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��tj |�|jj|�|j�|_t||�|_d|_t|_d|_|_||_t|_|j�|_ |j g|_ |j g|_ g|_ ||_!t"|�|_#|j$�dS(Nsbad cavas argument %s(%R�t_ScreenR�RRtscreensRURRRMR�R�RRRR�RatdrawingLineItemR9R�R�t_polyR�t
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cCs<tj|�tj|�|j�|j�|j�dS(s�Delete the turtle's drawings and restore its default values.
No argument.
,
Delete the turtle's drawings from the screen, re-center the turtle
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Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.position()
(0.00,-22.00)
>>> turtle.heading()
100.0
>>> turtle.reset()
>>> turtle.position()
(0.00,0.00)
>>> turtle.heading()
0.0
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cCs+|dkrd|_nt|�|_dS(s�Set or disable undobuffer.
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Size gives the maximum number of turtle-actions that can be undone
by the undo() function.
If size is None, no undobuffer is present.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
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N(R�R�R�(R�tsize((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR`�s cCs |jdkrdS|jj�S(s�Return count of entries in the undobuffer.
No argument.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
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iN(R�R�R�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRn�s cCs�d|_|_x!|jD]}|jj|�qW|jj�|_g|_|j rn|jj
|j �n|jg|_|j �|j
|j�dS(s Delete all of pen's drawingsN(R�RBRCR�R�RfRaRERFR RUR�R0R`RH(R�Re((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRJ�s
cCs|j�|j�dS(sgDelete the turtle's drawings from the screen. Do not move turtle.
No arguments.
Delete the turtle's drawings from the screen. Do not move turtle.
State and position of the turtle as well as drawings of other
turtles are not affected.
Examples (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.clear()
N(RJRg(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR.�s
cCsd|jj�|jjdkr#dSt|j�dkr`|jj|j|j|j|j�ndS(Nii( R�R�R�R�RFRcRERR(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR��s
cCs�|j}|jdkr dS|jdkr\|j�|j�|j�|j|j�nG|j�|jdkr�x |j�D]}|j�q�W|j�ndS(s&Perform a Turtle-data update.
iNi( R�R�R�R�RgRiR�R�R$(R�R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRg�s
cCs|jj||�S(smTurns turtle animation on/off and set delay for update drawings.
Optional arguments:
n -- nonnegative integer
delay -- nonnegative integer
If n is given, only each n-th regular screen update is really performed.
(Can be used to accelerate the drawing of complex graphics.)
Second arguments sets delay value (see RawTurtle.delay())
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.tracer(8, 25)
>>> dist = 2
>>> for i in range(200):
... turtle.fd(dist)
... turtle.rt(90)
... dist += 2
(R�R#(R�tflagR((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR#
scCs|jj|�S(N(R�R�(R�R.((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR�$
scCs|jj|�S(N(R�R�(R�R.((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR�'
sc Cst|t�r|Sy|\}}}Wn tdt|���nX|jjdkr�g|||fD]}td|�^qh\}}}nd|ko�dkno�|ko�dkno�|ko�dkns�dt|���nd|||fS(s,Convert colortriples to hexstrings.
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#%02x%02x%02x(R�R�R�R�R�R�(R�R.R�R�R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyt_cc*
s8TcCsI|j}|j|j�|j}d|_d|_t|�}||_||_||_t||jj�|_|jj |�|j
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No argument.
Create and return a clone of the turtle with same position, heading
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Example (for a Turtle instance named mick):
mick = Turtle()
joe = mick.clone()
R�R�RHR�N(R�R0R R�R�RR9R;R�RUR�R�RTR<R�R�RaRERg(R�R�R�tqtttypeRe((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR19
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cCs\|dkr|jjS||jj�kr>td|��n|jj|�|j�dS(s�Set turtle shape to shape with given name / return current shapename.
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Set turtle shape to shape with given name or, if name is not given,
return name of current shape.
Shape with name must exist in the TurtleScreen's shape dictionary.
Initially there are the following polygon shapes:
'arrow', 'turtle', 'circle', 'square', 'triangle', 'classic'.
To learn about how to deal with shapes see Screen-method register_shape.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.shape()
'arrow'
>>> turtle.shape("turtle")
>>> turtle.shape()
'turtle'
sThere is no shape named %sN(R�R�R;R�RR�R:Rg(R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRca
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c Cs�||ko"|ko"dknrF|j\}}|||jfS|dk r||dkrm||f}q�||f}n+|dk r�|jd|f}n |j}|dkr�|j}n|jddd|d|�dS(sPSet/return turtle's stretchfactors/outline. Set resizemode to "user".
Optinonal arguments:
stretch_wid : positive number
stretch_len : positive number
outline : positive number
Return or set the pen's attributes x/y-stretchfactors and/or outline.
Set resizemode to "user".
If and only if resizemode is set to "user", the turtle will be displayed
stretched according to its stretchfactors:
stretch_wid is stretchfactor perpendicular to orientation
stretch_len is stretchfactor in direction of turtles orientation.
outline determines the width of the shapes's outline.
Examples (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.resizemode("user")
>>> turtle.shapesize(5, 5, 12)
>>> turtle.shapesize(outline=8)
iRYR#R.RRN(R�R R!RN(R�t stretch_widt stretch_lenRRR.((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRd|
s ' cCsK| |j|j}|tjddtj}|jddd|�dS(sZRotate the turtleshape to point in the specified direction
Optional argument:
angle -- number
Rotate the turtleshape to point in the direction specified by angle,
regardless of its current tilt-angle. DO NOT change the turtle's
heading (direction of movement).
Examples (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.shape("circle")
>>> turtle.shapesize(5,2)
>>> turtle.settiltangle(45)
>>> stamp()
>>> turtle.fd(50)
>>> turtle.settiltangle(-45)
>>> stamp()
>>> turtle.fd(50)
g�@iRYR#RiN(R�R�R�R�RN(R�R�Ri((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR_�s cCs.|j dtj|j}||j|jS(s�Return the current tilt-angle.
No argument.
Return the current tilt-angle, i. e. the angle between the
orientation of the turtleshape and the heading of the turtle
(its direction of movement).
Examples (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.shape("circle")
>>> turtle.shapesize(5,2)
>>> turtle.tilt(45)
>>> turtle.tiltangle()
g�@(R R�R�R�R�R�(R�Ri((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRj�s cCs|j||j��dS(s�Rotate the turtleshape by angle.
Argument:
angle - a number
Rotate the turtleshape by angle from its current tilt-angle,
but do NOT change the turtle's heading (direction of movement).
Examples (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.shape("circle")
>>> turtle.shapesize(5,2)
>>> turtle.tilt(30)
>>> turtle.fd(50)
>>> turtle.tilt(30)
>>> turtle.fd(50)
N(R_Rj(R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRi�sc
Cs�|j}|j\}}|j\}}t|||j|j�}dt|�|\}}g|D]G\}} ||||| |j|| ||| |jf^qeS(slComputes transformed polygon shapes from a shape
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g�R�R�R�R
RORNR(
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|j }|dkr�|j dkr�d}|}n�j dkr�t
d|jd�}}|j}d} n3|j dkr|j\}}|j}|j} ng|D] \}
} ||
|| f^q }tj| �tj| �} }
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} |
|
| | | |
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| f^qU}|j|�}|j|j}}|j||d|d |d
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kry|j\}}|j}x�t ||�D]�\}\}}}g|D] \}
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|| f^qN}|j|�}|j||d|j |�d |j |�d
|d t�q2Wqyn�|j
r�dS|dkr|j|dddfdd�nn|d kr1|j||j|jdj �n?|d
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dS(spManages the correct rendering of the turtle with respect to
its shape, resizemode, stretch and tilt etc.iR�R�iR"g@R#R:RRRpR[R�R�NR�RH(ii(ii(ii(ii(ii(ii( R�R�R�R;R�R<RR�R�R�RDR�RtmaxRR R!R R�R�R|RVR RR]R�R�R�tzipRM(R�R�RcROttitemttshapeRPtlxtlyRjR�R�tt0tt1tfctocReR�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR��s^ ' - > %- & "
&c Cs |j}|j|jj}|j}|j}|dkr�|j�}|jdkrdd}|}n�jdkr�td|j d�}}|j }d} n3|jdkr�|j
\}}|j }|j } ng|D] \}
} ||
|| f^q�}t
j| �t
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} |
|
| | | |
|
| f^q%}|j|�}|j|j}}|j||d|d |d
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�}|j||j|�n|dkr�g}x'|D] }|j�}|j|�q�|�}|j
\}}|j }x�t||�D]�\}\}}}g|D] \}
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|| f^qi}|j|�}|j||d|j|�d |j|�d
|d t�qMWn|j j|�|j j d|f�|S(s�Stamp a copy of the turtleshape onto the canvas and return its id.
No argument.
Stamp a copy of the turtle shape onto the canvas at the current
turtle position. Return a stamp_id for that stamp, which can be
used to delete it by calling clearstamp(stamp_id).
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.color("blue")
>>> turtle.stamp()
13
>>> turtle.fd(50)
R�R�iR"g@iR#R:RRRpR[R�R�R�Rh( R�R�R�R;R�R�RTRRWRR R!R R�R�R|RVR RR]R�R�R�R�RUR�RXRMRGR�R�(R�R�RcRORZtstitemRPR[R\RjR�R�R]R^R_R`telementReR�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRh# sV - >
%- #cCs||jkret|t�rBx1|D]}|jj|�q%Wn|jj|�|jj|�nd|f}|j}||jkr�dS|jj|�}|jj|�||j kr�|j d|j
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RhNi(
RGR�R�R�RfR�R�R�tindexR�R�tinsertR�(R�tstampidtsubitemRetbufRc((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyt _clearstamp_ s
cCs|j|�|j�dS(sDDelete stamp with given stampid
Argument:
stampid - an integer, must be return value of previous stamp() call.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.color("blue")
>>> astamp = turtle.stamp()
>>> turtle.fd(50)
>>> turtle.clearstamp(astamp)
N(RhRg(R�Re((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR/u s
cCsn|dkr|j }n)|dkr5|j| }n
|j| }x|D]}|j|�qIW|j�dS(s�Delete all or first/last n of turtle's stamps.
Optional argument:
n -- an integer
If n is None, delete all of pen's stamps,
else if n > 0 delete first n stamps
else if n < 0 delete last n stamps.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> for i in range(8):
... turtle.stamp(); turtle.fd(30)
...
>>> turtle.clearstamps(2)
>>> turtle.clearstamps(-2)
>>> turtle.clearstamps()
iN(R�RGRhRg(R�R�ttoDeleteRe((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR0�s
c Csf|j|j|jt|jt�f}|j}d|j|||j|j |j
|j�|j ff}|j r�|j j
|�n|j}|jr�|jdkr�||}|d|jd|d|jd}dt|ddd|j|j�}|d|} x�td|�D]s}
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dkr=t} nt} || |
|_|jr�|j|j||jf|j|j| �n|j�q"W|jr�|j|jddfd d
d |j�q�n|jr�j j|�nt|jt�r|jj|�n||_|jr6|jj|�nt |j �d krX|j �n|j�d
S(s�Move the pen to the point end, thereby drawing a line
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on this one.
tgoiiig�g�����R�Rpi*N(ii(ii( R RRR�RCR�R�R�RERFR�R�R�R�R R�RNROR�R�R�R�RcR?RgRURAR@R�R0( R�Rtgo_modesR�t
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|j}t|j|�dkr`dGHn|
|_| |_| ddgkr�d}n|}|j|
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kr�|j|�dkr�|^q�}x+|D]#}|j|�|jj |�q�}|j
rQ|j dkrQ||}|d|j d |d|j
d }dt|dd
d |j
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�}|d |}x{td|�D]j}|dkr�t}nt}||||_|r|j|j||jf|||�n|j�q�W|rQ|j|jddfddd|�qQn||_|jr�t|j�dkr�|jj�n|jgkr�t|_d|_q�n| r�jgkr�d|_d
GHq�jdk r�jj�q�|j�dS(s)Reverse a _goto. Used for undo()
g�$undogoto: HALLO-DA-STIMMT-WAS-NICHT!iR�R:RpR�iiig�����Unwahrscheinlich in _undogoto!N(ii(ii(ii(ii(R�RR�RERFRcR�R�RfR�R R�RNROR�R�R�R�R?RgRAR�R@R�R�RC(R�tentrytoldtnewRktcoodatatdrawingtpctpstfillingtcLItcLR�R�R�tusepcR�ttodeleteRmRnRoRpRqR�R[((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyt _undogoto�sd !
(* cCs�|jr(|jjd||jf�n||j9}|jj|�}|jj}|dkr�|jdkr�d|j}dtt |�|�}d||}x6t
|�D]%}|jj|�|_|j �q�Wn||_|j �dS(s&Turns pen clockwise by angle.
trotiig@g� R�R�R�R�R�R�R�R R�RR�Rg(R�R�t neworientR�tanglevelRRqR�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR s
cCs�t|j�dkrb|jj|j|j|j|j�|jj�|_|jj |j�n|jj|jdt
�g|_|r�|j g|_ndS(s�Closes current line item and starts a new one.
Remark: if current line became too long, animation
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iR[N( R�RFR�RcRERRRaR�RUR�R�(R�R7((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR0( s cCsmt|jt�}|dkr"|S|j}d}}|r�t|j�dkr�|jj|j|jd|j�d|jf}q�n|r�|jj �|_|j
j |j�|j g|_d|jf}|j
�nd|_|_|jr_|dkr$|d kr\|jj|�q\q_|d
krC|jj|�q_|jjd||g�n|j�dS( s�Call fill(True) before drawing a shape to fill, fill(False) when done.
Optional argument:
flag -- True/False (or 1/0 respectively)
Call fill(True) before drawing the shape you want to fill,
and fill(False) when done.
When used without argument: return fillstate (True if filling,
False else)
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.fill(True)
>>> turtle.forward(100)
>>> turtle.left(90)
>>> turtle.forward(100)
>>> turtle.left(90)
>>> turtle.forward(100)
>>> turtle.left(90)
>>> turtle.forward(100)
>>> turtle.fill(False)
iR:tdofillt beginfillR
N(((((R�RCR�R�R�R�R]RBR RTR�RUR�R0R�R�Rg(R�RLRyR�tentry1tentry2((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR:8 s2
cCs|jt�dS(s�Called just before drawing a shape to be filled.
No argument.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.begin_fill()
>>> turtle.forward(100)
>>> turtle.left(90)
>>> turtle.forward(100)
>>> turtle.left(90)
>>> turtle.forward(100)
>>> turtle.left(90)
>>> turtle.forward(100)
>>> turtle.end_fill()
N(R:R�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR*k scCs|jt�dS(s�Fill the shape drawn after the call begin_fill().
No argument.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.begin_fill()
>>> turtle.forward(100)
>>> turtle.left(90)
>>> turtle.forward(100)
>>> turtle.left(90)
>>> turtle.forward(100)
>>> turtle.left(90)
>>> turtle.forward(100)
>>> turtle.end_fill()
N(R:R�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR7} scGs�|stt|ttf�rF|j|�}|jt|jd�}q�|j}|s�|jt|jd�}q�n7|dkr�|jt|jd�}n|j|�}t|j d�r
|j j
|j ||�}|j j
|�|jr�|jjd|f�q�n�|j�}|jrD|jjdg�t|j_nzT|j�dkrf|j�n|j�|j|�|j|�|jd�Wd|j|�X|jr�t|j_ndS(s�Draw a dot with diameter size, using color.
Optional arguments:
size -- an integer >= 1 (if given)
color -- a colorstring or a numeric color tuple
Draw a circular dot with diameter size, using color.
If size is not given, the maximum of pensize+4 and 2*pensize is used.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.dot()
>>> turtle.fd(50); turtle.dot(20, "blue"); turtle.fd(50)
it_dotR5R
R"iN(R�R�R�R�RRWRR�thasattrR�R�R�R�RUR�R�RNR�R�RYRERPRQROR<R�(R�RKR2ReRN((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR5�s:
cCs`|jj|j||||j�\}}|jj|�|jr\|jjd|f�n|S(s)Performs the writing for write()
twri(R�R}R�RR�RUR�R�(R�RwRxRuReR((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR}�s RHtArialiR'cCs�|jr+|jjdg�t|j_n|jt|�|j�|�}|rw|j�\}}|j||�n|jr�t |j_ndS(s�Write text at the current turtle position.
Arguments:
arg -- info, which is to be written to the TurtleScreen
move (optional) -- True/False
align (optional) -- one of the strings "left", "center" or right"
font (optional) -- a triple (fontname, fontsize, fonttype)
Write text - the string representation of arg - at the current
turtle position according to align ("left", "center" or right")
and with the given font.
If move is True, the pen is moved to the bottom-right corner
of the text. By default, move is False.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.write('Home = ', True, align="center")
>>> turtle.write((0,0), True)
R
N(
R�R�R�R�R}R�R�RSR]R�(R�targtmoveRxRuRR�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRq�s ! cCs |jg|_t|_dS(sStart recording the vertices of a polygon.
No argument.
Start recording the vertices of a polygon. Current turtle position
is first point of polygon.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.begin_poly()
N(R�R@R�RA(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR+�s cCs
t|_dS(s7Stop recording the vertices of a polygon.
No argument.
Stop recording the vertices of a polygon. Current turtle position is
last point of polygon. This will be connected with the first point.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.end_poly()
N(R�RA(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR8�s cCs |jdk r t|j�SdS(s�Return the lastly recorded polygon.
No argument.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> p = turtle.get_poly()
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N(R@R�R�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR=
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cCs|jS(s�Return the TurtleScreen object, the turtle is drawing on.
No argument.
Return the TurtleScreen object, the turtle is drawing on.
So TurtleScreen-methods can be called for that object.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> ts = turtle.getscreen()
>>> ts
<turtle.TurtleScreen object at 0x0106B770>
>>> ts.bgcolor("pink")
(R�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR?
scCs|S(sUReturn the Turtleobject itself.
No argument.
Only reasonable use: as a function to return the 'anonymous turtle':
Example:
>>> pet = getturtle()
>>> pet.fd(50)
>>> pet
<turtle.Turtle object at 0x0187D810>
>>> turtles()
[<turtle.Turtle object at 0x0187D810>]
((R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR@!
scCs|jj�dS(s� Returns the width of the turtle window.
No argument.
Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen):
>>> screen.window_width()
640
i(R�R�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR'9
s cCs|jj�dS(s� Return the height of the turtle window.
No argument.
Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen):
>>> screen.window_height()
480
i(R�R�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR&D
s cCs|jj|�S(sDSet delay value which determines speed of turtle animation.
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sicCs-|jj|jj|||�|j�dS(s�Bind fun to mouse-click event on this turtle on canvas.
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fun -- a function with two arguments, to which will be assigned
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num -- number of the mouse-button defaults to 1 (left mouse button).
add -- True or False. If True, new binding will be added, otherwise
it will replace a former binding.
Example for the anonymous turtle, i. e. the procedural way:
>>> def turn(x, y):
... left(360)
...
>>> onclick(turn) # Now clicking into the turtle will turn it.
>>> onclick(None) # event-binding will be removed
N(R�R�R�R<Rg(R�R�R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRJV
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Arguments:
fun -- a function with two arguments, to which will be assigned
the coordinates of the clicked point on the canvas.
num -- number of the mouse-button defaults to 1 (left mouse button).
Example (for a MyTurtle instance named joe):
>>> class MyTurtle(Turtle):
... def glow(self,x,y):
... self.fillcolor("red")
... def unglow(self,x,y):
... self.fillcolor("")
...
>>> joe = MyTurtle()
>>> joe.onclick(joe.glow)
>>> joe.onrelease(joe.unglow)
Clicking on joe turns fillcolor red, unclicking turns it to
transparent.
N(R�R�R�R<Rg(R�R�R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRLk
s cCs#|jj|jj|||�dS(s�Bind fun to mouse-move event on this turtle on canvas.
Arguments:
fun -- a function with two arguments, to which will be assigned
the coordinates of the clicked point on the canvas.
num -- number of the mouse-button defaults to 1 (left mouse button).
Every sequence of mouse-move-events on a turtle is preceded by a
mouse-click event on that turtle.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> turtle.ondrag(turtle.goto)
Subsequently clicking and dragging a Turtle will move it
across the screen thereby producing handdrawings (if pen is
down).
N(R�R�R�R<(R�R�R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRK�scCs�|jdkrdS|dkrV|\}}|j| ||j�|jj�}n5|dkr||d}|j|�n|dkr�|j|�n�dkr�|d}|jj|�|j j
|�n�|dkr|d}|jj |dddfd d
d d
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|�n0|d
kr�tj||d�|jj�ndS(s2Does the main part of the work for undo()
NRRhiRjR�R5R�R:R�RRR�RN(swrisdot(ii(ii(ii(R�R�RR�R�R/R~R�RfR�R�R]RBRCRRN(R�tactionR�R�tdegPAUtdummyRaRe((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyt_undo�s6
cCs�|jdkrdS|jj�}|d}|d }|dkrvxA|rr|j�}|j|d|d �qEWn|j||�dS(s�undo (repeatedly) the last turtle action.
No argument.
undo (repeatedly) the last turtle action.
Number of available undo actions is determined by the size of
the undobuffer.
Example (for a Turtle instance named turtle):
>>> for i in range(4):
... turtle.fd(50); turtle.lt(80)
...
>>> for i in range(8):
... turtle.undo()
...
NiiR
(R�R�R�R�(R�ReR�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRm�s
N(R�isnormal(9R�R�R�R>R�R�RRXR`RnRJR.R�RgR#R�R�RMR1RcRdR_RjRiRVR�RhRhR/R0RR~RR�R0R:R*R7R5R}R�RqR+R8R=R?R@R>R'R&RiRJRLRKR�RmRl(((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRp sl%
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cCs%tjdkr t�t_ntjS(s�Return the singleton screen object.
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�Z RS( R"cCs�tjdkrKt�t_|_|jjtj�|jj|j�ntjdkr� d}t d}t d}t d}t d}t d}|jj
||||�|jj �t_t j
|tj�|j||||�ndS(NRpR�R�R�R�R�(R=t_rootR�R3R"t_titleRAt_destroyRR�R8R9RRR (R�RpR�R�R�R�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR�s
RpR�R�R�c Cst|jd�sdS|jj�}|jj�}t|t�rld|koZdknrl||}n|dkr�||d}nt|t�r�d|ko�dknr�||}n|dkr�||d}n|jj||||�|j�dS(s Set the size and position of the main window.
Arguments:
width: as integer a size in pixels, as float a fraction of the screen.
Default is 50% of screen.
height: as integer the height in pixels, as float a fraction of the
screen. Default is 75% of screen.
startx: if positive, starting position in pixels from the left
edge of the screen, if negative from the right edge
Default, startx=None is to center window horizontally.
starty: if positive, starting position in pixels from the top
edge of the screen, if negative from the bottom edge
Default, starty=None is to center window vertically.
Examples (for a Screen instance named screen):
>>> screen.setup (width=200, height=200, startx=0, starty=0)
sets window to 200x200 pixels, in upper left of screen
>>> screen.setup(width=.75, height=0.5, startx=None, starty=None)
sets window to 75% of screen by 50% of screen and centers
R=Niii( R�R�RCRER�R�R�R=R%(R�RpR�R;R<Rptsh((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR �s +
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Argument:
titlestring -- a string, to appear in the titlebar of the
turtle graphics window.
This is a method of Screen-class. Not available for TurtleScreen-
objects.
Example (for a Screen instance named screen):
>>> screen.title("Welcome to the turtle-zoo!")
N(R=R�R�R"R�(R�t titlestring((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR"'s
cCsV|j}|tjkr?dt_dt_dt_dt_ntt_ |j
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Example (for a TurtleScreen instance named screen):
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N(R�(R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRBscsW�fd�}�j|�tdr*dSy t�Wntk
rRtd�nXdS(slGo into mainloop until the mouse is clicked.
No arguments.
Bind bye() method to mouseclick on TurtleScreen.
If "using_IDLE" - value in configuration dictionary is False
(default value), enter mainloop.
If IDLE with -n switch (no subprocess) is used, this value should be
set to True in turtle.cfg. In this case IDLE's mainloop
is active also for the client script.
This is a method of the Screen-class and not available for
TurtleScreen instances.
Example (for a Screen instance named screen):
>>> screen.exitonclick()
cs�j�dS(s&Screen.bye() with two dummy-parametersN(R(R�R�(R�(s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pytexitGracefully]sR�Ni(RJR�RvtAttributeErrortexit(R�R�((R�s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRJs
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When a Turtle object is created or a function derived from some
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RcR�R�c CsGtjdkr t�t_ntj|tjd|d|d|�dS(NRcR�R�(R R�R�RRR(R�RcR�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyRrs N(R�R�R�R�R�R�R�R(((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyR is cCs%tjdkr t�t_ntjS(s5Create the 'anonymous' turtle if not already present.N(R R�R�(((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyt_getpenscCs%tjdkr t�t_ntjS(s-Create a TurtleScreen if not already present.N(R R�R�R(((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyt
_getscreen�stturtle_docstringdictcCsRi}x+tD]#}d|}t|�j||<q
Wx+tD]#}d|}t|�j||<q;Wtd|d�}tg|j�D]%}|jd�dtkr�|^q��}|j d�x>|d D]2}|j d t
|��|j d
||�q�W|d}|j d t
|��|j d ||�|j d �|j �d
S(s�Create and write docstring-dictionary to file.
Optional argument:
filename -- a string, used as filename
default value is turtle_docstringdict
Has to be called explicitly, (not used by the turtle-graphics classes)
The docstring dictionary will be written to the Python script <filname>.py
It is intended to serve as a template for translation of the docstrings
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N( t_tg_screen_functionsR�R�t_tg_turtle_functionsR�R�R�Rt _alias_listRqtreprR�(R�tdocsdictt
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cCsndi|j�d6}t|�}|j}x;|D]3}y||t|�j_Wq3d|GHq3Xq3WdS(s�Read in docstrings from lang-specific docstring dictionary.
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Cs�d}}t|�tjkr1|j}d}n |}d}t|�tjtjgkr�yg|jj}t|jj ||!�}|jj ||!}|j
p�g}tt d�|��}dgt |�t |�|}t d�||�} |jj
d@rF| jd|jj |�|jd|jj |�|d7}n|jj
d@r�| jd |jj |�|jd |jj |�nd
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i�NR�s%s.R�s \(.+ %s\):t:(treR�R�treplacetcompiletsub(tdocstrR�t
turtlenamet newdocstrtparexp((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyt_turtle_docrevise�s
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screennameR�R�((s#/sys/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/turtle.pyt_screen_docrevise�s
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