.\" Copyright (c) 2001-2003 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved 
.TH "BIND" 3P 2003 "IEEE/The Open Group" "POSIX Programmer's Manual"
.\" bind 
.SH PROLOG
This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.
The Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult
the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior),
or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
.SH NAME
bind \- bind a name to a socket
.SH SYNOPSIS
.LP
\fB#include <sys/socket.h>
.br
.sp
int bind(int\fP \fIsocket\fP\fB, const struct sockaddr *\fP\fIaddress\fP\fB,
.br
\ \ \ \ \ \  socklen_t\fP \fIaddress_len\fP\fB);
.br
\fP
.SH DESCRIPTION
.LP
The \fIbind\fP() function shall assign a local socket address \fIaddress\fP
to a socket identified by descriptor \fIsocket\fP
that has no local socket address assigned. Sockets created with the
\fIsocket\fP() function
are initially unnamed; they are identified only by their address family.
.LP
The \fIbind\fP() function takes the following arguments:
.TP 7
\fIsocket\fP
Specifies the file descriptor of the socket to be bound.
.TP 7
\fIaddress\fP
Points to a \fBsockaddr\fP structure containing the address to be
bound to the socket. The length and format of the address
depend on the address family of the socket.
.TP 7
\fIaddress_len\fP
Specifies the length of the \fBsockaddr\fP structure pointed to by
the \fIaddress\fP argument.
.sp
.LP
The socket specified by \fIsocket\fP may require the process to have
appropriate privileges to use the \fIbind\fP()
function.
.SH RETURN VALUE
.LP
Upon successful completion, \fIbind\fP() shall return 0; otherwise,
-1 shall be returned and \fIerrno\fP set to indicate the
error.
.SH ERRORS
.LP
The \fIbind\fP() function shall fail if:
.TP 7
.B EADDRINUSE
The specified address is already in use.
.TP 7
.B EADDRNOTAVAIL
The specified address is not available from the local machine.
.TP 7
.B EAFNOSUPPORT
The specified address is not a valid address for the address family
of the specified socket.
.TP 7
.B EBADF
The \fIsocket\fP argument is not a valid file descriptor.
.TP 7
.B EINVAL
The socket is already bound to an address, and the protocol does not
support binding to a new address; or the socket has been
shut down.
.TP 7
.B ENOTSOCK
The \fIsocket\fP argument does not refer to a socket.
.TP 7
.B EOPNOTSUPP
The socket type of the specified socket does not support binding to
an address.
.sp
.LP
If the address family of the socket is AF_UNIX, then \fIbind\fP()
shall fail if:
.TP 7
.B EACCES
A component of the path prefix denies search permission, or the requested
name requires writing in a directory with a mode that
denies write permission.
.TP 7
.B EDESTADDRREQ \fRor\fP EISDIR
The \fIaddress\fP argument is a null pointer.
.TP 7
.B EIO
An I/O error occurred.
.TP 7
.B ELOOP
A loop exists in symbolic links encountered during resolution of the
pathname in \fIaddress\fP.
.TP 7
.B ENAMETOOLONG
A component of a pathname exceeded {NAME_MAX} characters, or an entire
pathname exceeded {PATH_MAX} characters.
.TP 7
.B ENOENT
A component of the pathname does not name an existing file or the
pathname is an empty string.
.TP 7
.B ENOTDIR
A component of the path prefix of the pathname in \fIaddress\fP is
not a directory.
.TP 7
.B EROFS
The name would reside on a read-only file system.
.sp
.LP
The \fIbind\fP() function may fail if:
.TP 7
.B EACCES
The specified address is protected and the current user does not have
permission to bind to it.
.TP 7
.B EINVAL
The \fIaddress_len\fP argument is not a valid length for the address
family.
.TP 7
.B EISCONN
The socket is already connected.
.TP 7
.B ELOOP
More than {SYMLOOP_MAX} symbolic links were encountered during resolution
of the pathname in \fIaddress\fP.
.TP 7
.B ENAMETOOLONG
Pathname resolution of a symbolic link produced an intermediate result
whose length exceeds {PATH_MAX}.
.TP 7
.B ENOBUFS
Insufficient resources were available to complete the call.
.sp
.LP
\fIThe following sections are informative.\fP
.SH EXAMPLES
.LP
None.
.SH APPLICATION USAGE
.LP
An application program can retrieve the assigned socket name with
the \fIgetsockname\fP() function.
.SH RATIONALE
.LP
None.
.SH FUTURE DIRECTIONS
.LP
None.
.SH SEE ALSO
.LP
\fIconnect\fP(), \fIgetsockname\fP(), \fIlisten\fP(), \fIsocket\fP(),
the Base Definitions volume of
IEEE\ Std\ 1003.1-2001, \fI<sys/socket.h>\fP
.SH COPYRIGHT
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .