import unittest
from test import test_support
import subprocess
import sys
import signal
import os
import tempfile
import time
import re
mswindows = (sys.platform == "win32")
#
# Depends on the following external programs: Python
#
if mswindows:
SETBINARY = ('import msvcrt; msvcrt.setmode(sys.stdout.fileno(), '
'os.O_BINARY);')
else:
SETBINARY = ''
# In a debug build, stuff like "[6580 refs]" is printed to stderr at
# shutdown time. That frustrates tests trying to check stderr produced
# from a spawned Python process.
def remove_stderr_debug_decorations(stderr):
return re.sub(r"\[\d+ refs\]\r?\n?$", "", stderr)
class ProcessTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
# Try to minimize the number of children we have so this test
# doesn't crash on some buildbots (Alphas in particular).
if hasattr(test_support, "reap_children"):
test_support.reap_children()
def tearDown(self):
# Try to minimize the number of children we have so this test
# doesn't crash on some buildbots (Alphas in particular).
if hasattr(test_support, "reap_children"):
test_support.reap_children()
def mkstemp(self):
"""wrapper for mkstemp, calling mktemp if mkstemp is not available"""
if hasattr(tempfile, "mkstemp"):
return tempfile.mkstemp()
else:
fname = tempfile.mktemp()
return os.open(fname, os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREAT), fname
#
# Generic tests
#
def test_call_seq(self):
# call() function with sequence argument
rc = subprocess.call([sys.executable, "-c",
"import sys; sys.exit(47)"])
self.assertEqual(rc, 47)
def test_check_call_zero(self):
# check_call() function with zero return code
rc = subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, "-c",
"import sys; sys.exit(0)"])
self.assertEqual(rc, 0)
def test_check_call_nonzero(self):
# check_call() function with non-zero return code
try:
subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, "-c",
"import sys; sys.exit(47)"])
except subprocess.CalledProcessError, e:
self.assertEqual(e.returncode, 47)
else:
self.fail("Expected CalledProcessError")
def test_call_kwargs(self):
# call() function with keyword args
newenv = os.environ.copy()
newenv["FRUIT"] = "banana"
rc = subprocess.call([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys, os;' \
'sys.exit(os.getenv("FRUIT")=="banana")'],
env=newenv)
self.assertEqual(rc, 1)
def test_stdin_none(self):
# .stdin is None when not redirected
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'print "banana"'],
stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
p.wait()
self.assertEqual(p.stdin, None)
def test_stdout_none(self):
# .stdout is None when not redirected
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'print " this bit of output is from a '
'test of stdout in a different '
'process ..."'],
stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
p.wait()
self.assertEqual(p.stdout, None)
def test_stderr_none(self):
# .stderr is None when not redirected
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'print "banana"'],
stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
p.wait()
self.assertEqual(p.stderr, None)
def test_executable(self):
p = subprocess.Popen(["somethingyoudonthave",
"-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"],
executable=sys.executable)
p.wait()
self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 47)
def test_stdin_pipe(self):
# stdin redirection
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys; sys.exit(sys.stdin.read() == "pear")'],
stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
p.stdin.write("pear")
p.stdin.close()
p.wait()
self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 1)
def test_stdin_filedes(self):
# stdin is set to open file descriptor
tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile()
d = tf.fileno()
os.write(d, "pear")
os.lseek(d, 0, 0)
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys; sys.exit(sys.stdin.read() == "pear")'],
stdin=d)
p.wait()
self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 1)
def test_stdin_fileobj(self):
# stdin is set to open file object
tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile()
tf.write("pear")
tf.seek(0)
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys; sys.exit(sys.stdin.read() == "pear")'],
stdin=tf)
p.wait()
self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 1)
def test_stdout_pipe(self):
# stdout redirection
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys; sys.stdout.write("orange")'],
stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
self.assertEqual(p.stdout.read(), "orange")
def test_stdout_filedes(self):
# stdout is set to open file descriptor
tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile()
d = tf.fileno()
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys; sys.stdout.write("orange")'],
stdout=d)
p.wait()
os.lseek(d, 0, 0)
self.assertEqual(os.read(d, 1024), "orange")
def test_stdout_fileobj(self):
# stdout is set to open file object
tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile()
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys; sys.stdout.write("orange")'],
stdout=tf)
p.wait()
tf.seek(0)
self.assertEqual(tf.read(), "orange")
def test_stderr_pipe(self):
# stderr redirection
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys; sys.stderr.write("strawberry")'],
stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
self.assertEqual(remove_stderr_debug_decorations(p.stderr.read()),
"strawberry")
def test_stderr_filedes(self):
# stderr is set to open file descriptor
tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile()
d = tf.fileno()
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys; sys.stderr.write("strawberry")'],
stderr=d)
p.wait()
os.lseek(d, 0, 0)
self.assertEqual(remove_stderr_debug_decorations(os.read(d, 1024)),
"strawberry")
def test_stderr_fileobj(self):
# stderr is set to open file object
tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile()
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys; sys.stderr.write("strawberry")'],
stderr=tf)
p.wait()
tf.seek(0)
self.assertEqual(remove_stderr_debug_decorations(tf.read()),
"strawberry")
def test_stdout_stderr_pipe(self):
# capture stdout and stderr to the same pipe
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys;' \
'sys.stdout.write("apple");' \
'sys.stdout.flush();' \
'sys.stderr.write("orange")'],
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
output = p.stdout.read()
stripped = remove_stderr_debug_decorations(output)
self.assertEqual(stripped, "appleorange")
def test_stdout_stderr_file(self):
# capture stdout and stderr to the same open file
tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile()
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys;' \
'sys.stdout.write("apple");' \
'sys.stdout.flush();' \
'sys.stderr.write("orange")'],
stdout=tf,
stderr=tf)
p.wait()
tf.seek(0)
output = tf.read()
stripped = remove_stderr_debug_decorations(output)
self.assertEqual(stripped, "appleorange")
def test_stdout_filedes_of_stdout(self):
# stdout is set to 1 (#1531862).
cmd = r"import sys, os; sys.exit(os.write(sys.stdout.fileno(), '.\n'))"
rc = subprocess.call([sys.executable, "-c", cmd], stdout=1)
self.assertEquals(rc, 2)
def test_cwd(self):
tmpdir = os.getenv("TEMP", "/tmp")
# We cannot use os.path.realpath to canonicalize the path,
# since it doesn't expand Tru64 {memb} strings. See bug 1063571.
cwd = os.getcwd()
os.chdir(tmpdir)
tmpdir = os.getcwd()
os.chdir(cwd)
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys,os;' \
'sys.stdout.write(os.getcwd())'],
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
cwd=tmpdir)
normcase = os.path.normcase
self.assertEqual(normcase(p.stdout.read()), normcase(tmpdir))
def test_env(self):
newenv = os.environ.copy()
newenv["FRUIT"] = "orange"
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys,os;' \
'sys.stdout.write(os.getenv("FRUIT"))'],
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
env=newenv)
self.assertEqual(p.stdout.read(), "orange")
def test_communicate_stdin(self):
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys; sys.exit(sys.stdin.read() == "pear")'],
stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
p.communicate("pear")
self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 1)
def test_communicate_stdout(self):
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys; sys.stdout.write("pineapple")'],
stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
(stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
self.assertEqual(stdout, "pineapple")
self.assertEqual(stderr, None)
def test_communicate_stderr(self):
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys; sys.stderr.write("pineapple")'],
stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
(stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
self.assertEqual(stdout, None)
# When running with a pydebug build, the # of references is outputted
# to stderr, so just check if stderr at least started with "pinapple"
self.assert_(stderr.startswith("pineapple"))
def test_communicate(self):
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys,os;' \
'sys.stderr.write("pineapple");' \
'sys.stdout.write(sys.stdin.read())'],
stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
(stdout, stderr) = p.communicate("banana")
self.assertEqual(stdout, "banana")
self.assertEqual(remove_stderr_debug_decorations(stderr),
"pineapple")
def test_communicate_returns(self):
# communicate() should return None if no redirection is active
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
"import sys; sys.exit(47)"])
(stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
self.assertEqual(stdout, None)
self.assertEqual(stderr, None)
def test_communicate_pipe_buf(self):
# communicate() with writes larger than pipe_buf
# This test will probably deadlock rather than fail, if
# communicate() does not work properly.
x, y = os.pipe()
if mswindows:
pipe_buf = 512
else:
pipe_buf = os.fpathconf(x, "PC_PIPE_BUF")
os.close(x)
os.close(y)
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys,os;'
'sys.stdout.write(sys.stdin.read(47));' \
'sys.stderr.write("xyz"*%d);' \
'sys.stdout.write(sys.stdin.read())' % pipe_buf],
stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
string_to_write = "abc"*pipe_buf
(stdout, stderr) = p.communicate(string_to_write)
self.assertEqual(stdout, string_to_write)
def test_writes_before_communicate(self):
# stdin.write before communicate()
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys,os;' \
'sys.stdout.write(sys.stdin.read())'],
stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
p.stdin.write("banana")
(stdout, stderr) = p.communicate("split")
self.assertEqual(stdout, "bananasplit")
self.assertEqual(remove_stderr_debug_decorations(stderr), "")
def test_universal_newlines(self):
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys,os;' + SETBINARY +
'sys.stdout.write("line1\\n");'
'sys.stdout.flush();'
'sys.stdout.write("line2\\r");'
'sys.stdout.flush();'
'sys.stdout.write("line3\\r\\n");'
'sys.stdout.flush();'
'sys.stdout.write("line4\\r");'
'sys.stdout.flush();'
'sys.stdout.write("\\nline5");'
'sys.stdout.flush();'
'sys.stdout.write("\\nline6");'],
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
universal_newlines=1)
stdout = p.stdout.read()
if hasattr(file, 'newlines'):
# Interpreter with universal newline support
self.assertEqual(stdout,
"line1\nline2\nline3\nline4\nline5\nline6")
else:
# Interpreter without universal newline support
self.assertEqual(stdout,
"line1\nline2\rline3\r\nline4\r\nline5\nline6")
def test_universal_newlines_communicate(self):
# universal newlines through communicate()
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys,os;' + SETBINARY +
'sys.stdout.write("line1\\n");'
'sys.stdout.flush();'
'sys.stdout.write("line2\\r");'
'sys.stdout.flush();'
'sys.stdout.write("line3\\r\\n");'
'sys.stdout.flush();'
'sys.stdout.write("line4\\r");'
'sys.stdout.flush();'
'sys.stdout.write("\\nline5");'
'sys.stdout.flush();'
'sys.stdout.write("\\nline6");'],
stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
universal_newlines=1)
(stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
if hasattr(file, 'newlines'):
# Interpreter with universal newline support
self.assertEqual(stdout,
"line1\nline2\nline3\nline4\nline5\nline6")
else:
# Interpreter without universal newline support
self.assertEqual(stdout, "line1\nline2\rline3\r\nline4\r\nline5\nline6")
def test_no_leaking(self):
# Make sure we leak no resources
if not hasattr(test_support, "is_resource_enabled") \
or test_support.is_resource_enabled("subprocess") and not mswindows:
max_handles = 1026 # too much for most UNIX systems
else:
max_handles = 65
for i in range(max_handles):
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
"import sys;sys.stdout.write(sys.stdin.read())"],
stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
data = p.communicate("lime")[0]
self.assertEqual(data, "lime")
def test_list2cmdline(self):
self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['a b c', 'd', 'e']),
'"a b c" d e')
self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['ab"c', '\\', 'd']),
'ab\\"c \\ d')
self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['a\\\\\\b', 'de fg', 'h']),
'a\\\\\\b "de fg" h')
self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['a\\"b', 'c', 'd']),
'a\\\\\\"b c d')
self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['a\\\\b c', 'd', 'e']),
'"a\\\\b c" d e')
self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['a\\\\b\\ c', 'd', 'e']),
'"a\\\\b\\ c" d e')
self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['ab', '']),
'ab ""')
def test_poll(self):
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable,
"-c", "import time; time.sleep(1)"])
count = 0
while p.poll() is None:
time.sleep(0.1)
count += 1
# We expect that the poll loop probably went around about 10 times,
# but, based on system scheduling we can't control, it's possible
# poll() never returned None. It "should be" very rare that it
# didn't go around at least twice.
self.assert_(count >= 2)
# Subsequent invocations should just return the returncode
self.assertEqual(p.poll(), 0)
def test_wait(self):
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable,
"-c", "import time; time.sleep(2)"])
self.assertEqual(p.wait(), 0)
# Subsequent invocations should just return the returncode
self.assertEqual(p.wait(), 0)
def test_invalid_bufsize(self):
# an invalid type of the bufsize argument should raise
# TypeError.
try:
subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", "pass"], "orange")
except TypeError:
pass
else:
self.fail("Expected TypeError")
#
# POSIX tests
#
if not mswindows:
def test_exceptions(self):
# catched & re-raised exceptions
try:
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", ""],
cwd="/this/path/does/not/exist")
except OSError, e:
# The attribute child_traceback should contain "os.chdir"
# somewhere.
self.assertNotEqual(e.child_traceback.find("os.chdir"), -1)
else:
self.fail("Expected OSError")
def _suppress_core_files(self):
"""Try to prevent core files from being created.
Returns previous ulimit if successful, else None.
"""
try:
import resource
old_limit = resource.getrlimit(resource.RLIMIT_CORE)
resource.setrlimit(resource.RLIMIT_CORE, (0,0))
return old_limit
except (ImportError, ValueError, resource.error):
return None
def _unsuppress_core_files(self, old_limit):
"""Return core file behavior to default."""
if old_limit is None:
return
try:
import resource
resource.setrlimit(resource.RLIMIT_CORE, old_limit)
except (ImportError, ValueError, resource.error):
return
def test_run_abort(self):
# returncode handles signal termination
old_limit = self._suppress_core_files()
try:
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable,
"-c", "import os; os.abort()"])
finally:
self._unsuppress_core_files(old_limit)
p.wait()
self.assertEqual(-p.returncode, signal.SIGABRT)
def test_preexec(self):
# preexec function
p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c",
'import sys,os;' \
'sys.stdout.write(os.getenv("FRUIT"))'],
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
preexec_fn=lambda: os.putenv("FRUIT", "apple"))
self.assertEqual(p.stdout.read(), "apple")
def test_args_string(self):
# args is a string
f, fname = self.mkstemp()
os.write(f, "#!/bin/sh\n")
os.write(f, "exec %s -c 'import sys; sys.exit(47)'\n" %
sys.executable)
os.close(f)
os.chmod(fname, 0700)
p = subprocess.Popen(fname)
p.wait()
os.remove(fname)
self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 47)
def test_invalid_args(self):
# invalid arguments should raise ValueError
self.assertRaises(ValueError, subprocess.call,
[sys.executable,
"-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"],
startupinfo=47)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, subprocess.call,
[sys.executable,
"-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"],
creationflags=47)
def test_shell_sequence(self):
# Run command through the shell (sequence)
newenv = os.environ.copy()
newenv["FRUIT"] = "apple"
p = subprocess.Popen(["echo $FRUIT"], shell=1,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
env=newenv)
self.assertEqual(p.stdout.read().strip(), "apple")
def test_shell_string(self):
# Run command through the shell (string)
newenv = os.environ.copy()
newenv["FRUIT"] = "apple"
p = subprocess.Popen("echo $FRUIT", shell=1,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
env=newenv)
self.assertEqual(p.stdout.read().strip(), "apple")
def test_call_string(self):
# call() function with string argument on UNIX
f, fname = self.mkstemp()
os.write(f, "#!/bin/sh\n")
os.write(f, "exec %s -c 'import sys; sys.exit(47)'\n" %
sys.executable)
os.close(f)
os.chmod(fname, 0700)
rc = subprocess.call(fname)
os.remove(fname)
self.assertEqual(rc, 47)
#
# Windows tests
#
if mswindows:
def test_startupinfo(self):
# startupinfo argument
# We uses hardcoded constants, because we do not want to
# depend on win32all.
STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW = 1
SW_MAXIMIZE = 3
startupinfo = subprocess.STARTUPINFO()
startupinfo.dwFlags = STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW
startupinfo.wShowWindow = SW_MAXIMIZE
# Since Python is a console process, it won't be affected
# by wShowWindow, but the argument should be silently
# ignored
subprocess.call([sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(0)"],
startupinfo=startupinfo)
def test_creationflags(self):
# creationflags argument
CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE = 16
sys.stderr.write(" a DOS box should flash briefly ...\n")
subprocess.call(sys.executable +
' -c "import time; time.sleep(0.25)"',
creationflags=CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE)
def test_invalid_args(self):
# invalid arguments should raise ValueError
self.assertRaises(ValueError, subprocess.call,
[sys.executable,
"-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"],
preexec_fn=lambda: 1)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, subprocess.call,
[sys.executable,
"-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"],
close_fds=True)
def test_shell_sequence(self):
# Run command through the shell (sequence)
newenv = os.environ.copy()
newenv["FRUIT"] = "physalis"
p = subprocess.Popen(["set"], shell=1,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
env=newenv)
self.assertNotEqual(p.stdout.read().find("physalis"), -1)
def test_shell_string(self):
# Run command through the shell (string)
newenv = os.environ.copy()
newenv["FRUIT"] = "physalis"
p = subprocess.Popen("set", shell=1,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
env=newenv)
self.assertNotEqual(p.stdout.read().find("physalis"), -1)
def test_call_string(self):
# call() function with string argument on Windows
rc = subprocess.call(sys.executable +
' -c "import sys; sys.exit(47)"')
self.assertEqual(rc, 47)
def test_main():
test_support.run_unittest(ProcessTestCase)
if hasattr(test_support, "reap_children"):
test_support.reap_children()
if __name__ == "__main__":
test_main()
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